New Termite Species Found in Southern CA: Reticulitermes rusti

A major development in pest control and entomology has just been published in the Annals of the Entomological Society of America. Researchers have formally identified a new species of subterranean termite, Reticulitermes rusti, right here in Southern California. 

The research, led by a team of entomologists, used both genetic and morphological analysis to confirm that Reticulitermes rusti is distinct from other known termites in the region. This finding is already prompting pest management professionals to update their inspection and treatment protocols to ensure that this new species does not go undetected.

What Is Reticulitermes rusti? A New Threat Below the Surface

Discovery and Scientific Significance

According to the published research, Reticulitermes rusti is a subterranean termite that builds its colonies underground and forages for wood and cellulose-based materials above ground. The scientific paper describes R. rusti as having subtle but important differences from its relatives. Workers are pale and soft-bodied, with straight antennae and a size similar to other Reticulitermes species. Soldiers have larger, darker heads and strong mandibles, while reproductive alates (swarmers) are winged and may be seen during the swarming season.

What sets R. rusti apart is its genetic profile and certain physical characteristics that can only be confirmed by experts. The species appears to be highly adaptable, thriving in a variety of soil types and moisture conditions. This adaptability could allow it to spread quickly across both urban and suburban landscapes in Southern California.

Physical Characteristics of Reticulitermes rusti

While most people will never see a termite up close, understanding the basic appearance of R. rusti can help you recognize potential infestations. This species is typically pale, with soft bodies and straight antennae. The workers are small, measuring about 1/8 inch in length, while the soldiers have larger, darker heads and strong mandibles for defense. During swarming season, winged reproductives (alates) may be seen emerging from soil or wood, often mistaken for flying ants.

How Does Reticulitermes rusti Differ from Other Termites?

While R. rusti shares many characteristics with other subterranean termites, such as living in underground colonies and feeding on cellulose-rich materials, it also exhibits unique behaviors and preferences. Early research suggests that R. rusti may be more adaptable to varying soil types and moisture conditions, potentially expanding its range across both urban and suburban environments in Southern California.

Where Has Reticulitermes rusti Been Found?

Emergence in Orange County and Los Angeles County

Initial surveys and scientific studies have confirmed the presence of Reticulitermes rusti in multiple locations throughout Orange County and Los Angeles County. The species has been detected in both residential neighborhoods and commercial districts, often in areas with older construction or abundant landscaping. Its ability to thrive in diverse environments makes it a concern for a wide range of property types.

Preferred Nesting Sites of Reticulitermes rusti

R. rusti colonies are typically established in moist soil beneath or adjacent to structures. They build mud tubes to access above-ground wood, which helps them avoid exposure to air and predators. Common nesting sites include:

• Soil beneath foundations, patios, and walkways
• Wood debris or mulch near the home
• Leaky plumbing areas or poorly drained soil
• Cracks in concrete slabs or expansion joints

Potential for Further Spread

Experts believe that Reticulitermes rusti’s range may continue to expand as it adapts to new habitats. Factors such as increased irrigation, landscaping practices, and climate variability could all contribute to the spread of this species. Homeowners and business owners should remain vigilant, especially if their properties are located near greenbelts, parks, or other natural areas.

How to Identify a Reticulitermes rusti Infestation

Key Warning Signs for Property Owners

Detecting a termite infestation early is crucial for minimizing damage and repair costs. While R. rusti is difficult to distinguish from other subterranean termites without expert analysis, there are several signs that may indicate its presence:

• Mud Tubes: These pencil-sized tunnels are often found on foundation walls, crawl spaces, or exterior surfaces. They serve as protected highways for termites traveling between their colony and food sources.
• Hollow or Damaged Wood: Termites consume wood from the inside out, leaving a thin outer layer that may sound hollow when tapped or break easily under pressure.
• Swarmers and Discarded Wings: During certain times of year, winged reproductive termites (alates) may emerge indoors or near windows. Piles of shed wings are a telltale sign of a nearby colony.
• Bubbling or Peeling Paint: Moisture from termite activity can cause paint to blister or peel, especially near the base of walls or around windows.

If you notice any of these signs, contact The Termite Guy for a thorough inspection.

Why Is Reticulitermes rusti a Concern for Southern California?

Structural Risks and Financial Impact

Termites are responsible for billions of dollars in property damage each year in the United States, and subterranean species like R. rusti are among the most destructive. Their ability to remain hidden while consuming structural wood can lead to extensive repairs, especially in older homes or buildings with untreated lumber. In Southern California’s competitive real estate market, even minor termite damage can affect property values and complicate sales or refinancing.

Business owners face additional risks, including potential disruptions to operations, liability concerns, and increased maintenance costs.

Environmental and Health Considerations

While termites themselves are not harmful to humans, their activity can create secondary issues such as mold growth and compromised structural integrity. Addressing infestations promptly helps maintain a safe and healthy environment for occupants.

How to Protect Your Property from Reticulitermes rusti

Prevention Tips for Homeowners and Businesses

Preventing a termite infestation is always preferable to dealing with the aftermath. Here are some practical steps you can take to reduce your risk:

• Eliminate wood-to-soil contact by raising decks, fences, and planters off the ground.
• Repair leaky faucets, pipes, and irrigation systems to reduce soil moisture near your foundation.
• Remove wood debris, mulch, and cardboard from around your property’s perimeter.
• Seal cracks and expansion joints in concrete slabs and foundations.
• Schedule regular professional inspections, especially if your property is in a high-risk area or has a history of termite activity.

Professional Treatment Options

If an infestation is confirmed, professional intervention is essential. Treatment options for Reticulitermes rusti may include:

• Soil Treatments: Applying termiticides to the soil around your foundation creates a protective barrier that prevents termites from entering your structure.
• Localized Treatments: Spot treatments with liquid or foam termiticides can target specific areas of activity.
• Structural Repairs: Replacing or reinforcing damaged wood is often necessary to restore your building’s integrity.

Why Choose The Termite Guy for Subterranean Termite Treatments?

Local Experience and Trusted Results

With more than 25 years of experience and over 65,000 inspections completed, The Termite Guy is Southern California’s go-to expert for termite and pest control. Our team is fully licensed, bonded, and insured, and we use only the safest, most effective treatments to protect your home or business. 

To get started, complete our form or call 877-Termite.